A visa that allows family members (e.g., spouse, children) of a primary visa holder to accompany them.

Definitions vary: generally includes spouses, unmarried children (often under 18–22), and sometimes same-sex or unmarried partners depending on the country.

Rules vary: e.g., UK student dependents (16+) can work, while working restrictions apply in other countries.

Yes, they typically apply under a family or partner category, not just tagged onto the main visa.

Yes. For example, UK family sponsors must meet a minimum income threshold (increased from £18,600 to £29,000 as of 2024).

Under 22 years old without a spouse; 22+ may qualify if financially dependent due to a mental or physical condition.

Yes. Sponsors must provide financial support, including for basic needs and healthcare not covered publicly, and sign an undertaking for a specified period.

Yes, for family members such as spouses and children—but each visa has different eligibility and processing criteria (e.g., Contributory Parent Visa, Working Holiday, etc.)

Often, yes; for instance, a working holiday visa allows dependents to work/study temporarily.

Spouse, civil partner, unmarried partner (in a durable relationship of 2+ years), and children under 18 (with additional complexity for student dependents).

Yes, if aged over 16, though with some role restrictions (e.g., not as a professional sportsperson/training doctor).

The minimum income threshold is £29,000 (as of April 11, 2024), plus Immigration Health Surcharge and proof of relationship, English, etc.

Yes. Dependent visas with international student visas grew eightfold by 2022 (to ~135,788) but then dropped sharply—80% fewer issued in early 2024 vs. the previous year.

For example, F-2 for student dependents, H-4 for spouse/children of H-1B holders, and J-2 for J-1 exchange visitor dependents.

Depends on visa type—e.g., H-4 dependents might get an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) in select cases; F-2 and J-2 have specific restrictions or allowances.

Yes, it typically includes proof of relationship, financial support, possible health checks, biometrics, or an interview, depending on visa type and country of application.

Passport, birth/marriage certificates, sponsor’s financial proof, visa forms, sometimes medical and police clearance.

Processing delays, paperwork errors, and evolving immigration rules make it complex.

Ideally at the same time as the principal applicant; some countries allow later application, while others require simultaneous submission.

Overall, dependent visa access is improving in many countries, supporting international mobility, but some countries (including the UK and US) are tightening rules.